Cabello said Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores, were wounded during the assault.
He made the remarks on state television, where he also honored those killed in the operation.
“Venezuela will not surrender because it is a nation with history and a legacy,” Cabello said, according to Reuters news agency. 
“The whole world now knows that Nicolás Maduro is a prisoner of war and the United States violated all the norms of international coexistence,” he added.
Separately, Cabello said Maduro suffered a leg injury and Flores a head injury during the raid.
Caracas had not previously provided an overall death toll for the operation.
The Venezuelan army had posted a list of 23 soldiers killed, and Cuban officials said 32 members of their military and intelligence services died.
Meanwhile, Venezuela’s interim President Delcy Rodriguez declared a week of mourning for military personnel killed in the operation, and Cabello praised her as “courageous” on state television.
During their first hearing in a New York court on drug and weapons charges, Maduro and Flores pleaded not guilty after being taken to the United States.
MA/PR